2．用法
一般过去时态的被动语态主要指在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内发生的动作。如：
All these things were bought by my mother yesterday.
所有这些东西都是我母亲昨天买的。
This kind of cup was used for drinking tea three hundred years ago.
三百年前这种茶杯是用来喝茶的。
主动变被动的特例
同学们都知道，只有带及物动词的句子才能由主动语态变成被动语态。但不是所有带宾语的动词都可以变成被动语态，请看下面几种不能变为被动语态的情况：
1．宾语是反身代词时。如：
He taught himself English.
不能变成：Himself was taught by him.
2．宾语是相互代词时。如：
They help each other. 不能变成：Each other is helped by them.
3．宾语为同源宾语时。如：
The Chinese people live a happy life. 不能变成：
A happy life is lived by the Chinese people.
4．宾语是不可分割的词组或短语时。如：
Li Lei often keeps his word. 不能变成：His word is often kept by Li Lei.
5．宾语是动词不定式或动词ing形式时。
We like singing. 一般不能变成：Singing is liked by us.
6．宾语起状语作用时。如：
She got to the school gate at 8. 不能变成：
The school gate was got to at 8 by her.
7．宾语是“身体的某一部分”或“感官”时。如：
We believe our eyes. 一般不能变成：
Our eyes are believed by us.
8．宾语是表示“某组织”的名词时。如：
He joined the League in 1999. 不能变成：
The League was joined by him in 1999.
有关被动语态的教学建议
在教学被动语态时教师应当考虑到这个语法项目对于初中学生而言是一个较难的知识点。教师应当有一定的思想准备。在教学过程中应当设计一系列的语言素材进行机械操练，达到熟能生巧的效果。要求学生将教师所提供的句子变为被动句，反应要快，越快越好。如可以设计以下的训练模式：
T:I planted some trees yesterday.
S: Some trees were planted yesterday.
T: Some students cleaned the classroom yesterday.
S: The classroom was cleaned yesterday.
《When was it built?(第4页)》出自：www.89xue.com网
www.89xue.com
> T: He washed some clothes last night.
S: Some clothes were washed last night.
教学建议
本单元关于听说读写的教学建议
★关于听力方面的练习：
对于短文的听力一直是困绕初中英语教学的一个难点，对于情景性较强的对话的听力教师教起来比较轻松，学生练起来也比较容易。而对于长文章的听力训练则显得有些力不从心。但是这正是我们教学中要解决的一个问题。在训练学生的对于短文的听力时，首先要告诉学生一些听短文的基本要领。如：
1. 要首先抓住文章的大意，抓住文章的主旨；
2. 在听的过程中一定要一句一句地听，而不要一个词一个词地听；
3. 遇到有听不懂的句子时，千万不要着急，耐心地往后听，这样会解决一些听的过程中的个别词语障碍的问题；
上一页 [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] 下一页