3 . He is going to work on the island which / that needs him most .
他打算到最需要他的那座岛上去工作。
4 . He is going to work on the island where he is most needed .
他打算到那座岛上去工作，那里最需要他。
分析：在例1句子中，关联词 which / that 在从句中作及动动词 spent 的宾语，可省略；在例2句中，关联词 when 在从句中作时间状语；在例3中，关联词 which\'that 在从句中作主语，不能省略；在例4句子中，关联词 where 在从句中作地点状语。
结论：定语从句的重点是如何选择关联词(关系代词或关系副词)。若关联词在从句中作状语，就应使用关系副词；否则就应使用关系代记号。关系副词 when , where , why 的使用，并不决定于其先行词是表时间、地点或原因的词，而是取决于关联词在从句中充当哪种语法成分。只有当关联词在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语时，才能分别使用关系副词 when , where , why 或者用 in / at / on which 代替 when , 用 in / at which 代替 where , 用 for which 代替 why；若关联词在从句中作主语、宾语，则应用关系代词 which 或 that。
练习：从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1 . I still remember the day ____ I first came to the college .
A . on which B . in which C . at which D . which
2 . They wll never forget the day ____ they got married .
A . that B . which C . in which D . when
3 . He makes good use of the time ____ he can spare .
A . when B . that C . in that D . in which
4 . The factory ____ his mother works is in the east of the city .
A . that B . which C . on which D . where
5 . The place ____ interested me most was the Children\'s Palace .
A . which B . where C . what D . in which
6 . That is the reason ____he wasn\'t here yesterday .
A . why B . which C . on which D . in which
7 . That is the reason ____ he can\'t say .
A . why B . that C . what D . in which
答案与解析：
1 . A on which 可用 when 代替，在定语从句中起时间状语的作用。 2 . D 关系副词 when 在从句中作时间状语，可用 on which 代替。 3 . B 关系代词 that 在定语从中作及物动词 spare 的宾语，可用 which，也可省略。 4 . D 关系副词 where 在从句中作地点状语，可用 in which 代替。 5 . A 关系代词 which 在从中作主语，可用 that 代替。 6 . A 关系副词 why 在从中作原因状语，可用 for which 代替。 7 . B 关系代词 that 在从句中作及物动词 say 的宾语，可用 which 代替，也可省略。
● 谈谈被动语态的三种特殊情况
主动语态变被动语态的“三步曲”是：一、将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；二、谓语动词改为被动形式；三、如需强调动作的执行者；用介词 by 引出。那么，下面的三个问题也值得我们重视。
一、不可变为被动语态的主动语态
1 . 宾语为抽象名词或处所名词。如：
She always worries about her health . 她总是担心她的健康。
His friends left Beijing by train yesterday . 昨天他的朋友们坐火车离开了北京。
2 . 宾语为反身代词或相互代词。如：
They are teaching themselves English . 他们正在自学英语。
We should learn from each other . 我们应该互相学习。
3 . 宾语为行为者身上的某部位或某器官。如：
At last he put his hands up .
4 . 宾语为表示某组织机构的词组。如：
His father joined the Party two years ago . 他父亲两年前入了党。
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