1. 完全倒装 （complete inversion）
整个谓语动词全部移到前面 (主谓一致)
e.g. Here comes the bus.
“ …” said John. = he said.
On the stair lay a bottle of aspirins.
2. 部分倒装 (partial inversion)
只把助动词、情态动词、系动词或表语放在主语之前。
e.g. Will you go with me?
Only in this way can we learn English well.
二、 倒装结构的用法
1. 疑问句 ( partial inversion)
e.g. Has he seen John? But: I wondered whether he’d seen John. 间接疑问
2. 虚拟条件状语从句 (partial inversion)
e.g. If I were you→ Were I you (present)
Had I known what was going to happen, I would never have left her alone.
(=If I had known) (past)
Should he come tomorrow, he would help us with our work. (future)
(=If he should come tomorrow)
3. 在地点状语之后 (常跟come, lie, stand, walk, live, …) (complete inversion)
e.g. On the floor lay a bottle of aspirins.
In front of the hall stood a girl, waving to us.
*On our way home, we saw a big hall, in front of which stood a girl.
Round the corner walked a large policeman.
4. 在以here, there或out, in, up, down, away, back, then, now等副词打头的句子里 (complete inversion)
e.g. There come, be, lie, happen, appear, seem, stand, exist…
e.g. Here is a ticket for you.
Now comes your turn to recite the text.
Out rushed the student.
But: 主语是代词就不倒装
Here you are. There she comes.
5. 在so, nor, neither放在句首的句子中 (partial inversion)
e.g.. He has finished his work. So have I.
He can’t operate the recorder. Nor can I. (= I can not either)
She takes an active par in labour. So does everyone of us.
She doesn’t know it, nor does she care. (= she doesn’t care, either)
But: “ I think we should go and check in at the hotel now,” my dad said, and so we did.
She works hard at English. So she does.
“ That’s Isabel, look!” “So it is!”
后面的句子只是单纯重复前面一句的意思, 不表示也适合于另一个人或物
6. 在Only所修饰地副词,介词短语或状语从句放在句首的句子中 (partial inversion)
e.g. Only then did I realize what had happened.
Only after a year did I begin to see the results of my work.
Only when the war was over was he able to go to university.
But: Only you can solve the problem.
And: not only… but also后
e.g. Not only does he study hard, but also he is active in all kinds of activities.
7. 在以not only, never, seldom, rarely, little, nowhere, by no means, not until, no, not
hardly (scarcely)…when, no sooner… than等表示否定意义的副词获词组开头的句子中
1) 频率副词 (never, seldom, rarely, always, often)
e.g. Never have I read such a good book.
Seldom has he met us lately.
2) no sooner (past perfect)… than (past), 《牛津英语高一（上） chapter one(第2页)》出自：www.89xue.com网
www.89xue.com hardly (scarcely)… when表示意见使紧接着另一件事发生
e.g. No sooner had she fallen asleep than someone knock at the door.
( = She had no sooner fallen asleep than someone knock at the door.)
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