16. as early as早在……
Colour printing was also invented by the Chinese as early as the 10th century .
17. hold a competition举行比赛
18. win a prize获奖
Who won the first prize in the 100-meter race ?
19. with the development of随着……的发展
With the development of science , people will be able to find out more secrets of the universe .
20. put to use加以利用
We should put weekends to good use . 我们应该好好利用周末。
He puts his holidays to good use and gives a helping hand to the old .
21. do good to sb = do sb good 对某人有好处
What good can it do to us ?
Doing morning exercises will do good to you .
22. take / have lessons听课，学习
On Sunday , we can take lessons in foreign languages and computer science .
单元难点疑点思路明晰
1 . The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years . 中国人造纸已经有两千年的历史了。
句中谓语 have been making 是现在完成进行时态，即由“have/has been + 现在分词”构成。这种时态主要表示在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作，该动作可能仍在进行，也可能刚停止。该句用现在完成进行时表示“中国人在两千年前已开始造纸，‘造纸’这一动作一直延续至今，而且将继续进行下去。”这种时态和现在完成时的区别主要在于它强调动作在某一段时间一直在进行，该动作通常有现在的结果。例如：
Father has been working in this car factory for ten years . ( 指他现在仍在这家汽车厂工作，而且将继续在这里工作。 )
Father has worked in this car factory for ten years . ( 指他至今为止在这家汽车厂工作了十年，至于今后是否还在这里继续工作，要视具体情况来定。 )
2 . As there was no paper in these countries , no records were kept . 由于这些国家没有纸，因此，也就没有史料记载。
( 1 ) as 在此作连词，意为“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句，常置于句首，主要表示明显或以为明显的原因。例如：
As it\'s sunny , I\'ll go for a walk .
As she didn\'t come , we left without her .
( 2 ) no 当形容词作定语时，相当于 not a , not one 或 not any , 可修饰复数名词，也可修饰单数名词。no 修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式视 no 后面的名词的单复数形式而定。例如：
There\'s no telephone in our house .
There\'s no buses in this part of town .
3 . Although these were much more useful than the metal pots , they were still difficult to read and were very heavy to carry . 虽然这些比钟鼎文有用得多，但是读起来还很费劲，拿起来也很重。
( 1 ) much more useful than…中的 much 为副词，修饰比较级，表示程度。类似的还有 a lot , a little , far , even , still 等。
It\'s much/far/a lot colder today than yesterday .
Now it\'s raining even/still harder than before .
( 2 ) difficult to read 和 heavy to carry 都属于“形容词 + 不定式”结构，不定式在形容词后面作状语。在此结构中，不定式用主动表式表示被动含义，它和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾搭配关系，能够用于此结构的动词主要有 easy , hard , difficult , light , cheap , important , interesting 以及它们的反义词等。例如：
The old man is hard to get along with .
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