【本单元例句呈现】
Direct speech 直接引语
Reported speech 直接引语 I am mad at Marcia. 我生马西娅的气了。 She said she was mad at Marcia. 她说她生马西娅的气了。 I am having a party for Lana. 我正为拉娜举行聚会。 She said she was having a party for Lana. 她说她为拉娜举行了聚会。 I go to the beach every Saturday. 我每星期六去海滩。 He said he went to the beach every Saturday. 他说他每星期六去海滩。 I will call you tomorrow. 明天我将给你打电话。 He told me he would call me tomorrow the next day. 他告诉我他明天将给我打电话。 I can speak three languages. 我会讲三种语言。 She said she could speak three languages. 他说他会讲三种语言。 【概念讲解】 以上方框中的句子讲述的是一个新的语法：直接引语和直接引语（Direct speech and Reported speech）。 1. 定义： （1）直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语。（直接引语一般前后要加引号） Mr. Black said, "I'm busy." 布莱克先生说：“我很忙”。 （2）用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。（间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句，不用引号） Mr. Black said that he was busy. 布莱克先生说他很忙。 2. 直接引语变间接引语在以下几方面发生变化： 直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词要调整。 （1）直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时要用连词that引导，连词that也可省略。 Tom said, "We are listening to the pop music." →Tom said that they were listening to the pop music. （2）直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时要用连词if或whether引导。从句再改成陈述句语序，时态随主句的时态而变化。主句中的谓语动词为said时，要改为asked. 没有间接引语时，可以加一个间接宾语（me, him或us等）。 "Do you know where she lives?" he asked. →He asked if / whether I knew where she lived. （3）直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时用相应的疑问词引导，从句要改成陈述句语序，时态随主句的时态而变化。如：who, whom, what, whose, how, when, why, where等。 "What can I do for you?' he asked me. →He asked (me) what he could do for you . （4）直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell, ask, order等动词，其句型为：tell / ask / order sb. to do sth.的形式。若原句是否定句，变成间接引语时在动词不定式前加not，即tell / ask / order sb. not to do sth.的形式。 "Stop making so much noise, children." he said. →He asked the children to stop making so much noise. "Don't tell him the news." she said. →She told me not to tell him the news （5）直接引语是客观事实、永恒真理，变成间接引语时时态不变，用一般现在时。 The teacher said, "The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west." →The teacher said that the sun rises in the east and goes down in the west. 总结：直接引语变直接引语的方法如下： 人称变化跟句意（一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新） 所用时态看主句（主现在，从随意，主过去，从过去）（注意：当转述客观真理时，无论主句用何种时态，从句都用一般现在时） 陈述语序要牢记 引导词看句式（陈述句用that, 一般疑问句用if或whether, 特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词，祈使句动词变to do） 3. 在间接引语中要根据意思将直接引语中的人称、时态和表示时间、地点等的词作相应的改变。 （1）人称的变化： Direct speech直接引语 → Reported speech间接引语 I am mad at Marcia. → She said she was mad at Marcia. I like English. → He said he liked English. We are having a class. → They said they were having a class He can speak English. → Lucy said he could speak English. I will go shopping after school. → She told me she would go shopping after school.Tag:八年级英语教学设计，八年级英语教学设计方案，教学设计 - 英语教学设计 - 八年级英语教学设计