4.Or do they grow up by themselves ?还是靠他们自己来生长?
(all) by oneself=alone=on one\'s own.意思是“独自地，”例如：
He dare not go out at night(all) by himself.晚上，他不敢单独一人出去。
You must finish this experiment (all) by yourself.你必须独自地完成这个试验。
No one can finish this task on his own.没有人能独自一人完成这项任务。
5.It will make the cabbage plants grow big and strong.
它(肥粉)能使白菜秧长得又大又壮。
make sb/sth do sth使…做某事。make后跟不带to的不定式，作宾语补足语。例如：
The boss made them work for him without pay.老板迫使他们无偿为他工作。
They made me repeat the story.他们要我重新叙述了一遍那个故事。
上述例句如果改用被动语态来叙述，则不定式的符号to不能省略。例如：
They were made to work for him without pay.他们被迫为他无偿地劳动。
I was made to repeat the story.我被迫又重新叙述了一遍那个故事。
另：have sb do sth=get sb to do sth=let sb do sth都是“让某人做某事”的意思，没有make sb do sth的语气那样强烈。
6.Like me! 这是承上文来的一种省略的表达。意思是It will make the cabbage plants grow big and strong like me!它(肥粉)将使白菜秧长得像这样粗壮。
Like 在句中是介词，作“像…一样”解。后面跟名词或代词，构成介词短语，在句中作状语，例如：
I want to be a teacher like my father when I grow up.
长大后，我想像我父亲一样作一名教师。
Don\'t talk to me like that!不要那样对我讲话。
We got on well with each other like old friends.我们之间相处融洽，就像老朋友一样。
7.What has changed in the past few years？.在过去的几年里发生了什么事?
in the past/last few years意思是“在过去的几年里”，句中时态通常用现在完成时。
例如：Great changes have taken place in China in the last ten years.
在过去的十年里(近十年来)，中国发生了很大的变化。
The students have already read about twenty English novels in the past three years.学生们近三年来已经读了大约有二十本英文小说了。
注意：a few 几个，一些(表肯定)，few没几个(表否定)，但在句中的 the past few years的few之前，不能加a。不能说in the past a few years.这是一个固定搭配用法，在few前有past ,last , every等词时，few前就不能有a.例如：He went to see his father in the hospital every few days.每隔几天，他就到医院去看望他父亲一次。
8.A few of them can be cut each year for firewood. The rest are left to grow even taller.每年可以砍掉一些小树当柴火，其余的就留下来，让它们长得更高大。
1)a few of them相当于some of 《高一英语第五单元Why do you do that ?》出自：www.89xue.com网
www.89xue.com them，意思是“在…中有一些(人或物)”，表示肯定的意思。而few of them相当于almost none of them意思是“在……中没有几个(人或物)”，表示否定的意思。后面都跟复数的可数名词，例如：
I know a few of these people.这些人当中我认识几位。
I know few of these people.这些人当中没几个我认识的。
I met a few of my old friends there.我在那见到了几位老朋友。
I met few of my old friends there.我在那里没有见到几个老朋友。
the rest意思是“其余的；其它的”当它作主语时，谓语动词应视情况而定；它代替的是不可数名词要用动词单数形式，如代替的是可数名词的复数形式则应用动词的复数形式。例如：
I will take two and the rest are yours.我拿这两个，剩下的都是你的。
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